Brake mechanism



July 31, 1928. 1,678,682

BRAKE MECHANISM Filed Sept. 26. 1922 2 shew-,s sheet l FIC?? I FIG.- I

I N V EN TOR: l 127m Wgsmim,

A TT ORNE YS.

July 31, 192s. 1,678,682

J. W. SMITH BRAKE MECHANISM Filed Sept. 26. 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I mgt10,

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I N VEN TOR:

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A TTORNE YS.

WITNESSES:

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@GEN W. SMITH, F PHELADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TG BUDD WHEEL CMPNY, 0F PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, .A CORPORATON OF PENNSYL- VNXA.,

BRAKE MECHANISM.

Application filed September 26, 1922. Serial No. 590,565.

rllhis invention' relates to automotive vehicles and more particularly to the type embodying braking mechanisms for the front or steering wheels in addition to the usual braking mechanism associated with the rear or traction wheels.

An object of the invention is to provide improvements in braking mechanisms for front wheels with a view to generally improving the mounting of such wheels whereby their efficiency of operation and durability is enhanced, and to secure other advantages which will become apparent as the nature of the invention is more clearly understood.

Another object of the invention is to providcrimprovements in braking mechanisms -tor front wheels consisting of a novel means for applying or transmitting motion tothe braking mechanism in any adjusted position of the wheel edected in the course of steering the vehicle; to eliminate lost motion between thc parts, to insure simplicity of operation and structure and to generally improve the operation olf this portion of the mechanism.

Another object of the invention is to provide means for simultaneously applying power to the braking mechanisms at the front and rear ends of the vehicle and to equalize the power so distributed whereby each braking mechanism may be actuated to i-he same degree with respect to the other braking mechanisms.

A still further object of the invention is to provide means in a braking mechanism of the character stated for preventing the entrance of lubricant between the brake drum and brake shoes and to enclose the friction elements against the entrance of dust and moisture.

These and other objects are accomplished by what I now regard as the preferred form of luy-.invention from among other posslble arrangements embraced within the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims. I

In the accompanying drawings Figure is a view in vertical section of a steering whccl for automotive vehicles, constructed in accordance with my invention.

Figure II is a view in verticall section taken on the line II--II of the preceding ligure.

Figure VII is a detail view, partly in sect-ion showing a toggle as an alternative means to operate the brake shoes.

l have illustrated the present invention as embodied in a. conventional form of vehicle wheel which is mounted for steering movement through the medium oa steering knuckle, with such alterations as may be required to incorporate my invention therein. With reference to Figures l and H of the drawings 10 indicates the hub portion of a vehicle wheel including the hub 11 and a radial annular hub flange 12. The spindle. indicated at 13, is of the usual type and is supported within the hub through the medium of anti-friction bearings. Formed iipon the spindle 13 is the knuckle 14 drilled to receive the knuckle pin 15 which is supported for rotation within the appropriately formed terminals of a yoke 16 constituting part ofthe axle 17. The knuckle pin 15 exa support 19 formed therewith for the purpose of pivotally supporting a pair of depending segmental braking members or shoes 20 through the medium of bolts 20 which pass through the support 1.9 and the apertured upper terminals of said brake shoes. f

A brake drum 21 is supported upon the hub ange 12 by means of bolts 22, said brake drum enclosing the. brake shoes 20 whereby the latter may be urged in engagement with the brake drum 2l in arresting motion of the vehicle.

The knuckle pin 15 is fixed in the knuckle 14 and extends downwardly beyond the lower end of the yoke 16 for the purpose of aii'o'rding'a guide for a wedging arrangement, comprising a bushing 23 having a sliding and rotating it upon the knuckle pin and a cone shaped wedge member 24 which is received between a pair of rollers 25, each of the latter being journalled between spaced ears 26 formed upon the lower ends of the brake shoes 20. The latter are normally urged toward each other and consequently to inoperative position through the medium of a spring 27 having its terminals fixed in any suitable manner to the lower ends of the brake shoes 20. e In order to assure vertical rectilinear movement of the wedge member 24 without displacement from its operative relation to other parts said wedge member is formed with opposed flanges 28, which upon engagement with adjacent parts serve to guide the wedge 24 in a manner which will become apparent upon examination of Figure III. Opposed faces of' the wedge member 24 are preferably grooved as at 29 for the reception of the rollers 25.

The operating mechanism includes a shaft 30 mounted in contiguous relation to the axle 17 and supported at one end through the medium of a. bearing 31 extending from said axle, said bearing 31 having a ball-andsocket connection to atford universal motion, while the opposite end ofthe shaft or that end adjacent the` wheel is supported in a bearing sleeve 32 at the lower end of an arm 33 which in turn is hingedly supported between ears 34 extending from the axle 17 so as to aford lateral motion of the shaft 30 in a plane substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle..

The end of the shaft 30 supported in this manner may be termed the floating end and the specific mounting described is provided for the purpose of permitting transmission of power to the brake shoes 20 in any position ol" the wheel. The shaft 30 is thus afforded lateral motion as well as rotative motion relative to the axle 17. Power is applied through the medium of a crank arm 35 which is formed integral with the shaft 30, the terminal of said arm being reduced to form. a pin 36 which is received within a socket member 37 constituting part of the bushing 23.

I further provide a diaphragm or cover. indicated at 38 for the purpose of excluding dust and moisture from the interior of the brakedrum 21, consisting of a plate, the outer periphery of which follows closely the contour of said brake drum but the center portion of which is expanded inwardly as at 39, forming a recess 40 in which the steering knuckle 14 and supported parts are rece1ved.

The expanded portion 39 isapertured centrally to receive the protruding end of the hub 11 which for the purpose of this invention is extended inwardly as shown and in close relation to prevent the passage of oil Levaeea from the hubl bearing into the space within the brake drum or between'the brake drum 21 and the brake shoes 20. Ifdesired an annular lin 41 may be provided upon they inner end of the hub 11 to throw waste lubricant by centrifugal force into the cavity 4() and thereby prevent the passage of such waste lubricant lnto the brake'drum 21.

The power is supplied from the foot pedal or other actuating element to the ,shaft 30 by means of an arm 42 extending from the inner end of said shaft,so as to rotate the latter through a partial revolution, the eectv since the wedge member 24 is located on a I line coinciding with the center of movement of the steering knuckle 14 or in alignment with the knuckle pin 15. Thus, the wedge member 24 need not necessarily be carried by the knuckle pin 15 but upon any convenient support, provided the relation of the parts above mentioned is retained. During steering movement of the wheel the knuckle pin 15 is :tree to rotate within the wedge bushing 23 while the wedge member 24 is free to rotate upon said bushing and to `swing around with the wheel, the wedge member- 24 being carried at the same time up and down by the bushing 23 and the latter being in turn shifted by rocking of the crank arm 35. It will be noted that the composite movement imparted to the shaft 30 resulting from the rectilinear guidance of the wedge 24 and rotative movement of the crank arm 35 is compensated'for bythe float` ing support provided by the hinged arm 33, and ball-and-socket connection of the bearing 31 on the axle 17.

I have illustrated in Figure IV my invention applied to a different type ofknuckle'in which the spindle 13 is provided with a yoke 49 adapted to receive the appropriately formed terminal 50 of the axle 51 therebetween. The knuckle pin 52 is formed with a central tapering portion 53 which is received within the axle terminal 50. The upper end of the knuckle pin 52 is fitted into a bushing 54 which is received within the upper terminal ot' the yoke 49 while the lower end of said knuckle pin is received within a bushing 55 held within the lower end of the L'yoke member 49, the latter being suitably channeled -to receive said bushing and threaded internally for cooperation with the enlarged threaded portion ot' a cap tted therein, said cap having a depent '.ig stud 56 located in alignment ywith the knuckle pin 52 and designed to leo f neveyese support and guide ihc Wedge niemhei 24; ci eny suitable opeiszing ineens loia the lnelc shoes .il set scicvv 57 is 'vbfaed in e leteiel opening oi'meol in -che lower yoke terminal. lo ietsin the bushing 55 in place cnil incienlolly lo eorcl en euxilieiy secui'ing ineens 'loib ihe cover yplate 38. @then-Wise che construction is suhslenlielly identical to that oi jehe iiisl: described wheel mountingn ln the successful opeetion of fom wheel "einiges it is necessery lo clivicle ci equalize the lifelong eort hebween 'the loue braking mechanisms. This hes heen heretoloie ecconiplishecl hy Ineens of differentiating clevices of e ncoie or less complex enel inefficient neiuie. l have devised exgieinely simple and effective mechanism vvherehy Yehis pucpose may he accomplished enel 'ceilee lo Figures V and lll wherein 5@ clcsigne'es e "cellular shaft sdlsplecl feo be extended licensvei'sely of theveliicle loceecl preferably et e medial point enel suppoied hy ineens of hiecliets "30 4for rotation. The liihnlei' shaft .59 is ioteltecl hy ineens o an :imi 6l eixecl chez/eine enfl'acleptecl loi' linkage connection "las 4bhe hieke pedal.

rofl 62 exiencls lhioughout elle length lche tubular shell: 59 enel heyondtlie cncls supe, pain olf sleeves enel e peli: of sleeves 64, @he forme? being in'teiposed he- 'iveen che loller' and the ends of salici 'tubular shale. The sleeves 63 ere escli proviclecl with e. fedial 6.5 for linl' ge connecion lo one ci he sinking niceU nisnis ol? che Wheels, oi" lo che ein che iype illusibifsiecl in Figure 'While che sleeves @l each proviclecl with en 66 nflepiecl lo? inlege connection lo the hiieleine; nischee the cec oi' eleccion Wheels el he vehicles. lhe ecljscenl; ei' coneeceing enfle 'the 'euhi'ilee shell. and the sleeves SE Pincel wich eoinplenieneefy sniiel oi squelizing clutch feces 5'? ysozial ces 689 ehe spinal feces 67 liinilec'l mov Mie between sind peels @ne clirecf f hy gradually causing binding enge.

e'eloetween so es 'to eventuelly complewely liinil such movement ln :i sinoilei` mennen 'the @di scent encls ol the sleeves 63 enel ioined vviih axial faces e@ enel spilel coonesing feces 7U vvii: iespece 'lo spinal feces S7 so the-li oincli' eclion of lelie sleeves will eccez' nele-live iso @he onpcsiie 'le that o' of the iocl il@ is enel eclecl "'cieceive nue enabling 'che n,

o `lie sicfves lill enel the loss in lion 'lo he vefiecl hy ndmit,

`ehe @pensi-ion el this flevice ii'csfill he nccefl 'when the heelses eine eppliecl, eil lec'ling; roi-ellen of the 'lnlculei' 59, clinasolei-delve @ovens-enz?, oi elle leiser 'che epiiel 'laces 6"? et the encls ci the shaft veifluelly tightened' against the el feces of lhe sleeves 63 until ceiiieol therewith, end upon 'i sleeves 63 the sleeves 6l will lilevvise loe successively 'eighlened in the seine maniaci1 enel carried lheievvith so that e distribucion oi 'binding strains will take place helbvvcen elle spiral feces 67 and 70 et each end of the llevice and eventually the powei imnsmieted lo iheliieling devices to en equal and unioim degree.

ln lieu ol the Wedge 'for separating 'the ineke shoes 20 an alternative means may he provided in hev forni of e loggie as shown in Figure Vil in which e sleeve 7l is fitted upon che bushing` 23 and formeel with opposeil peiis oli ears 72 heiween which links 73 are pivotally held.. 'lhe opposite ends ,of `lhc links nie pivotecl between the spaced eine E26 of ehe oiske slices 20 so that sliding motion of the sleeve ll upon the knuckle pin l5 or other supporc will sepsi'stion oi i'eti'ective niovemenlJ of seicl hrele shoes, as the cese may be.

'Having thus described my invencion, l cleiin: i

l. ln conihine''ion? e sleezing knuclle axle and oi-ke mechanisma e nel? of Tele-lively i'oteihlc nieinhes movable. in unison releh'sive to the :isis of oscilleeion of the steering lltnuclle,y means operating upon one meinhei eo effect ilosing. nioven/enl ihei'cof, and ineens opei'ahle hy ihe oihee niemhei' to apply the hi'sle 'niechsnisnl 2 in coi1c nsiionke s'teeing knuckle, en axle and ne c mechanism n` member movfols ,ele shew; che :iis 0f 'ie slewing' knuckle, e second L hy elle lii'sc nieinhei endl i'o- Telesis-etheieio; ineens having an conncceion with seid second ineminil Ythe liis', nieinher' to :ictusione; e

@non oi AAiechenisni. ln conlli; :il-ion n s'eeiing` knuckle, on echenisifi n meinloei locs-.len in the sills oll oscilimion of they steein ing lnuclle, e radially movable elenoeniJ geiflecl ujoon snicl guide member end rot-stable eli'ivc 'lheelo,en selecting ,meinhei cni'iiecl hy seiil e` nient and ioiecehle ielative lheei-c, ani Teens ioi operating "che actuating .mein-hei lo apply ehe loiele noechenism.

l. ln coiiihi?-l.ion s sceiing knuckle? en linie enel hfele mechanism, s inerohei mow nhl@ along il 7is of oscileeion' of the steen ing1 linnclle having cziigeciy glei folaiion, en cpe device having; movement i'elefcive lo seicl to nieve saicl ineniloei' in. the nisnnei stelsel, en scisuelaing clemeniJ can iiecl ey seicl inenlhei enel Toielohle ielecive i-hereeo, Ine s epe/fehle hy seiii actuel,- ing elenieii'l o cennle -fflie "nienke mechanism.

5,. ln s vehicle Wheel, lnuclizle lll lill

lll@

. ing member having opposed grooves operating between the rollers for moving the shoes into operative engagement with the brake drum, and floating means tor actuating said` cone-shaped member. A

7. The combination with a vehicle wheel mounted for steering movement and the axle thereof, of a braking .mechanism carried by said wheel, a radially movable member for operating the braking mechanism, a shaft, means supporting the shaft upon the axle for rotative and swinging movement, and a crank connection between the shaft and radially movable member. c

8. rllhe combination with a vehicle wheel mounted for steering movement of a braking mechanism carried by said wheel, a radially movable member for actuating the braking mechanism, a shaft, a swivel means for supporting one end of t-he shaft upon the axle,

4means for supporting the other end of the shaft for swinging movement, and a crank connection between the shaft and the radial-f ly movable member. p

9. The combination with a vehicle Wheel mounted for steering movement andthe axle thereof, ol' a braking mechanism, a Wedge member movable radially to actuate the braking mechanism, means carried by said axle for rotation and having operative connection with the wedge member, and means mounting said i'irst named means for universal movement relative to the axle. y

l0. In combination, a steering knuckle, an axle and brake mechanism, a` guide pin forming part of the knuckle and constituting la contructive prolongation of the knuckle pin, a bushing slidably and rotativcly mounted on said pin, a floatingshatt mounted on the axle and having a crank portion operatively connected to the bushing to shift `the saine,4an actuating member carried upon-and enclosing the bushingand rotatablerelative thereto, and means operable lby movement of the actuating member to operate the braking mechanism.

11. rlhe combination of a vehicle Wheel mounted for steering movement and a steering knuckle, a brake drum and braking mechanism mounted therein, a cover functioning to form a closure for the brake drum to prevent entrance of dust and having a `the same from lthe interior of the brake drum, a central opening in said expanded portion to receive the hub extension in close lengagement thereby preventing the passage of lubricant to the interior of the brake drum, and an associated annular fin adapted to throw Waste lubricant by centrifugal force into the expanded portion.

i3. rlhe combination of a vehicle wheel mounted for steering movement and a steering knuckle and hub, the latter having `an inwardly directed extension, a brake drum and brake shoes, a cover plate closing the side. ot the drum and having a central inwardly expanded portion forming a cavity te' receive the steering knuckle and exclude the saine from the drum; and 'an annular fin carried by said extension to throw waste lubricant into said cavity and thereby prevent lentrance of such lubricant into theL drum.

14. ln combination, a steering knuckle, an axle-and brake mechanism, a member movable along and rotatable about the axis ofy oscillation of the steering knuckle, a second member positioned between said first member and said brake mechanism, and means having an operative connection with said 05 second member to move it, and the first member to actuate the brakemechanism.

15. The combination of a vehicle Wheel, a steering knuckle, a brake drum and braking mechanism mounted therein` a cover adapted .110 to 'form a closure for the drum and to prevent the passage of lubricant from the steering knuckle into the drum.

16. The combination of a vehicle Wheel,

a. hub, a steering knuckle, a brake drum and braking mechanism mounted therein, a cove-r adapted to form a closure for the drum. and having a portion excluding' the steering knuckle and the inner end of the hub from the drum to prevent the passage of lubricant 12o into the drum. v y

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, this 18th day of September, 1922.

Jouir W; siirriay 

